Black holes are regions in space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from them. They are formed when massive stars collapse under their own gravity at the end of their life cycles. Black holes have a boundary called the event horizon, beyond which nothing can escape. Research in the area of black holes involves studying their properties, formation, and behavior, as well as their effect on surrounding matter and the larger universe. Scientists also study the possibility of using black holes as a source of energy and their role in the evolution of galaxies. Research in this field has led to the discovery of supermassive black holes in the centers of galaxies and the detection of gravitational waves produced by merging black holes.